In 1900, Landsteiner discovered the serum of some people would agglutinate the red cells of others. Four common phenotypes are now recognised: O, A, B and AB. Subgroups of A and B have since been identified.
In 1900, Landsteiner discovered the serum of some people would agglutinate the red cells of others. Four common phenotypes are now recognised: O, A, B and AB. Subgroups of A and B have since been identified.
A1 antigen is a subgroup of A and was discovered in 1910. Anti-A1 is usually non-reactive at 37ºC, however examples reactive at 37ºC and predominately IgM can cause in vivo red blood cell destruction. About 78% of group A people are A1 and 22% are A2, similar proportions apply among AB people.
In 1900, Landsteiner discovered the serum of some people would agglutinate the red cells of others. Four common phenotypes are now recognised: O, A, B and AB. Subgroups of A and B have since been identified.
The H antigen is part of the Hh system and is found on all red cells except those of Oh (hh) Bombay phenotype, which is extremely rare. H is the precursor of A and B and so group A and B people have less H than O people.
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